Understanding Pyelonephritis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
What is Pyelonephritis?
Pyelonephritis is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects one or both kidneys. It occurs when bacteria, often originating from a bladder infection, travel up the ureters to infect the kidneys. This condition can be acute or chronic, with acute pyelonephritis being more common.
Causes of Pyelonephritis
– Bacterial Infection: The primary cause is a bacterial infection, most commonly Escherichia coli (E. coli), which enters the urinary tract through the urethra.
– Blockages in the Urinary Tract: Kidney stones or an enlarged prostate can obstruct urine flow, increasing the risk of infection.
– Weak Immune System: Individuals with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to infections, including those affecting the kidneys.
– Structural Abnormalities: Congenital defects in the urinary tract that cause urine to flow backwards (vesicoureteral reflux) can lead to recurrent infections and pyelonephritis.
Symptoms of Pyelonephritis
– Fever and Chills: High body temperature and shivering are common.
– Flank Pain: Severe pain in the back or side, just below the ribs.
– Nausea and Vomiting: These symptoms often accompany the condition.
– Frequent Urination: A frequent urge to urinate, even if only a small amount comes out.
– Painful Urination: Discomfort or a burning sensation during urination.
– Cloudy or Bloody Urine: The presence of pus or blood in the urine.
Diagnosis
– Urine Tests: Urinalysis and urine culture to detect bacteria and white blood cells.
– Imaging Tests: Ultrasound or CT scan to identify any blockages or structural abnormalities.
– Blood Tests: To check for elevated white blood cell count or bacteria in the bloodstream.
Treatment of Pyelonephritis
– Antibiotics**: The primary treatment involves a course of antibiotics to eliminate the bacteria. The exact type depends on the bacteria causing the infection.
– Hospitalization: Severe cases may require hospitalization, especially if the patient is vomiting, dehydrated, or unable to take oral antibiotics.
– Pain Management: Pain relievers may be prescribed to manage discomfort.
– Hydration: Drinking plenty of fluids helps flush bacteria from the urinary system.
– Surgical Intervention: In cases of chronic pyelonephritis with structural issues, surgery may be needed to correct the underlying problem.
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– Comprehensive Health Management: Fitpaa offers a 360° approach to health, focusing on metabolism optimization which can help prevent infections and improve kidney health.
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Join the thousands of individuals who have transformed their lives with Fitpaa. Whether you’re managing a condition like pyelonephritis or striving for optimal fitness, Fitpaa provides the tools and support you need.
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